Summary: Nvidia is developing Earth-2, an AI-powered “digital twin” of the planet for precise and rapid extreme weather event prediction. They’re using FourCastNet, an AI model, to enhance climate modeling and improve scientific processes, including literature reviews, hypothesis generation, experiments, and self-driving labs. While AI holds promise, it needs responsible regulation. Collaborative efforts between tech firms, government, and philanthropy, with a focus on data sharing and equal access, are crucial for addressing vital scientific challenges like climate change and pandemic readiness.